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OPEN LAB · PROJECT 01

A new step.
An open future.

An articulated, 3D-printed tibial paw for cats and dogs. Developed with veterinarians in Brazil. Soon open to the world under the MIT License.

Three articulated tibial paws with steel bushings, in gold, red and blue on a dark studio floor.

6 printed parts

Two rigid, two flexible, two caps.

99.7 mm

Assembled height of the reference case.

0 breakages

In everyday use, across every PETG-HF test piece.

MIT license

Use, modify, print and share freely.

WHY OPEN

A design in a drawer helps one dog.
A shared one can help every clinic with a printer.

At Dalla Croce Studios we spend our days modelling castles, characters and chess pieces down to fractions of a millimetre, then sending them to printers around the world. The tools are the same here. The purpose is different.

This paw began as a single case and grew through several more, refined with veterinarians at every step. Every lesson from those cases is going into an open package anyone can study, print and improve.

THE OBJECT

Every angle,
considered.

A single curved body carries the load from the joint to the ground. Rigid where it connects. Flexible where it moves. Quiet in form, so the dog is what people notice.

Drag to rotate

The orange paw seen from the side on a dark studio floor.

01 / THE ANATOMY

Built in layers.
Designed to flex.

Six printed parts and two steel bushings. One elastic joint with no hinge to wear out.

The paw separated into its parts: steel bushings, upper interface, side caps, splined core, body and sole.
  1. Steel bushings Steel
  2. Upper interface PETG-HF
  3. Side caps ×2 PLA
  4. Splined core TPU 98A
  5. Body PETG-HF
  6. Sole TPU 98A

Separated for viewing. Screws are not shown.

THE PARTS

Each one with
a single job.

Body — PETG-HF

PETG-HF01

Body

The rigid frame that carries the load from the joint down to the sole. Its curve sets where the paw meets the ground.

10 walls · 50%+ gyroid

Upper interface — PETG-HF

PETG-HF02

Upper interface

Its neck takes the external steel bushing and its channel the internal one. Radial passages align the fixing screws with the implant pin.

Flat base on the bed · tree supports

Steel bushings — Steel

Steel03

Steel bushings

An external sleeve around the neck and an internal liner in the channel. They protect the print and carry the screw load.

Machined · not printed

Splined core — TPU 98A

TPU 98A04

Splined core

Eight lobes key the upper interface to the body. The polymer itself is the joint: it twists under load and returns.

4 walls · printed lying down

Sole — TPU 98A

TPU 98A05

Sole

A separate contact pad for grip and cushioning, keyed into the body and replaceable as it wears.

4 walls · 15%+ infill

Side caps ×2 — PLA

PLA06

Side caps ×2

Close the joint on both sides. Currently bonded with cyanoacrylate; a removable mechanical retention is in development.

Standard orientation

Close-up of the joint with the side cap removed, showing the eight-lobed TPU core keyed into the body.

02 / THE JOINT

A joint
without a hinge.

Eight lobes key a TPU core into the rigid parts on both sides. There are no pins or bearings. When the dog puts weight on the paw, the core flexes to cushion the step. When the paw lifts, it springs back.

  • Printed lying downso the layers resist the twist instead of peeling apart.
  • Tuned to the animalWall count and infill set the stiffness. Infill is still being tested against body weight.
  • ReplaceableThe core is a small, inexpensive part, made to be swapped rather than repaired.

03 / THE INTERFACE

Steel
where it matters.

The paw attaches to a tibial pin implant. Plastic never grips the metal directly. An internal steel bushing lines the channel; an external one sleeves the neck. Up to four radial screws, usually two, pass through both bushings and bear on the pin, so the paw can neither turn nor slide off.

The implant is placed surgically by a veterinary team and is not part of the open release. The release documents the paw side of the interface.

Close-up of the upper interface with the external steel bushing around its neck, the internal bushing in the channel and the radial screw holes.
Mounting interface, schematic section and plan viewThe implant pin enters an internal steel bushing lining the channel of the PETG upper interface. An external steel bushing sleeves the neck of the part. Up to four radial screws, usually two, pass through the external bushing, the printed wall and the internal bushing to bear on the pin. Implant pin · not includedExternal steel bushingInternal steel bushingRadial screwsPETG upper interface Plan viewUp to 4 radial screwsusually 2 Schematic section · not to scale
Low close-up of the TPU sole meeting the floor.

04 / THE SOLE

Grip first.
Wear, replaceable.

The sole is a separate TPU pad keyed into the body. It grips the ground, softens the contact and takes the wear, so the structure doesn't have to.

On rough ground such as concrete, a liquid-rubber dip adds a renewable layer that protects the TPU underneath.

The paw in orange with an ivory upper interface and graphite TPU parts.

MADE TO BE SEEN

A prosthesis
with personality.

A paw should be something a family is proud of. The body prints in any PETG colour you choose. The geometry and the function stay exactly the same.

Orange

05 / THE RECIPE

Printed on
ordinary machines.

No industrial equipment. A standard 0.4 mm nozzle and three common filaments. This is the current reference recipe; the open release will add temperatures, slicer profiles and illustrated orientations.

SettingReference recipeApplies to
Nozzle0.4 mm standardAll parts
Layer height0.16 mmAll parts
Rigid partsPETG-HF · 10 walls · 50% gyroid or moreBody, upper interface
AlternativesCarbon-fibre-reinforced filaments, nylon and other strong engineering filamentsAll testing so far used PETG-HF
Upper interfaceAuto-oriented, flat base on the bed · tree supportsRigid filament
Splined coreTPU 98A · 4 walls · printed lying down so the layers resist the twistInfill tuned to the animal's weight
SoleTPU 98A · 4 walls · at least 15% infillValidate per case
Side capsAny PLA · bonded with a cyanoacrylate (instant) adhesive that tolerates movementMechanical retention in development
Sole coatingLiquid rubber dip for abrasive floors such as concreteRecommended

06 / THE OPEN RELEASE

The files.
Freely shared.

Release package in preparationMIT License · versioned releases

  • Editable source

    The original model file, organised by part, in millimetres.

  • Six print-ready STLs

    Every part named, in millimetres and ready to slice.

  • Bushing drawings

    Dimensioned internal and external steel bushings and screw positions.

  • Bill of materials

    Filaments, steel parts, screws, adhesive and coating.

  • Print & assembly guide

    Settings, orientation, bonding and fitting, step by step.

  • Revision history

    Every change, why it was made and what was learned.

USE IT

For any case.

Personal, clinical or educational. No fees, no registration.

CHANGE IT

Make it better.

Adapt the geometry, the materials or the method. Share what you learn.

SHARE IT

Even commercially.

Print, sell and redistribute. Keep the copyright and license notice with the files.

Tell me when it's released

One email when the files go live. No newsletter.

THE ROAD AHEAD

One step
at a time.

  1. In use

    Reference case

    Developed across multiple cases with several veterinarians in Brazil. The current design is in use with veterinary follow-up.

  2. In progress

    Documentation

    Bushing drawings, print recipe, assembly guide and the complete development story.

  3. Next

    Open release 1.0

    Source, STLs and documentation published under the MIT License, with versioned releases.

  4. Planned

    Bench testing

    Compression, torsion, retention, wear and cycle testing, with results tied to each revision.

  5. Planned

    Personalization service

    Guided measurements and case-specific STLs generated from the reference design.

07 / THE PERSONALIZATION SERVICE

Your dimensions.
A tailored set of files.

Measuring and remodelling a paw for every new case takes hours of expert work. The personalization service does it for you: enter the measurements, review them, and receive print-ready STLs rebuilt around your case.

Each interface is regenerated on its own. Change the pin and the bushings follow; change the height and the joint stays where it belongs. Nothing is simply scaled.

  • Veterinarians
  • Clinics
  • Prosthetists
  • Makers & families
Request early access Subscription · launching after the open release

New case · Tibial paw

mm
  1. Implant interface

    Pin diameter, insertion length and the orientation of its flat.

  2. Internal bushing

    Inner and outer diameters, length and shoulder.

  3. External bushing

    Diameter, wall and the depth of its recess.

  4. Fixing screws

    Size, length and the position of all four.

  5. Paw geometry

    Height, sole length and width, left or right side.

  6. Flexible joint

    Core profile and length, matched to the animal's weight.

Measurement summaryPreviewSTL package

The open files stay free. The subscription pays for the automation: generation, case history, storage and support.

MADE WITH CARE

Used with care.

  • A veterinarian decides. Suitability, fit and follow-up depend on the individual animal and the implant.
  • One reference case is not a size chart. The published dimensions document a specific case and are a starting point for professionals.
  • Honest about what is proven. Each release will state what has been used in practice, what has been bench-tested and what has not.
  • Provided as-is. Like all MIT-licensed work, the design comes without warranty. Printing, fitting and use remain the responsibility of the people involved.

QUESTIONS

Good to know.

Working on a case, or want to help test the design?

Write to the studio
Will the files really be free?

Yes. The open release, including the editable source, STLs, drawings and guides, will be published under the MIT License. You can download, print, study and modify it at no cost.

Can I print and sell paws based on it?

The MIT License permits commercial use and modified versions, as long as the copyright and license notice are kept with the files. It provides the design as-is, without any warranty.

Which filament should I print it in?

Every test so far used PETG-HF, with no breakages in everyday use. Carbon-fibre-reinforced filaments, nylon and other strong engineering filaments can also be used for the rigid parts. Use at least 50% gyroid infill, and TPU 98A for the core and sole.

Is the implant included?

No. The paw is an external prosthesis designed to attach to a tibial pin implant placed surgically by a veterinary team. The implant is outside the open release; the release documents the steel bushings and screw interface on the paw side.

Is it suitable for my dog?

Only a veterinary professional can assess that. Fit, joint stiffness, materials and the implant itself are case-specific. The reference dimensions belong to one case and are not a universal size.

What will the personalization service do?

You enter the measurements of your case, review a summary, and receive a set of STLs rebuilt around those dimensions. Interfaces are regenerated individually rather than simply scaled. It is open to anyone, and designed with veterinarians, clinics and prosthetists in mind.

How can veterinarians or engineers contribute?

Case feedback, bench testing and improvements to the design are welcome. Write to us and we will share the documentation as it is prepared.

FROM THE STUDIO BEHIND KINGDOM OF GUARDIA

Imagined here.
Walking out there.

Dalla Croce Studios designs printable worlds for tabletop games. Open Lab is where that craft leaves the table. Every collection you support helps the studio keep investing in open work like this.

The paw in black with an ivory upper interface.